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A半正定, B对称, 则tr(AB)/tr(A)介于B的特征值的上下界之间

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hbghlyj posted 2023-1-6 09:16 |Read mode
$A\in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$ 半正定,$B\in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$ 对称,$\lambda_\min,\lambda_\max$是$B$的最小/最大特征值,则$$\lambda_\min \operatorname{tr} A \le \operatorname{tr} (AB) \le \lambda_\max \operatorname{tr} A$$证明 [搬运MSE]
因为$B$是实对称矩阵, 所以$B$可以对角化, 所以$B-\lambda_{\text{min}}I$与$\lambda_{\text{max}}I-B$半正定.
根据这帖有$$
0\le\text{tr}(A(B-\lambda_{\text{min}}I))=\text{tr}(AB)-\lambda_{\text{min}}\text{tr}(A),
$$与
$$0\le
\text{tr}(A(\lambda_{\text{max}}I-B))=\lambda_{\text{max}}\text{tr}(A)-\text{tr}(AB).
$$

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