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[数论] 构造一个积性函数,和任何多项式只在有限个值相等

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hbghlyj posted 2023-1-31 20:07 |Read mode
Last edited by hbghlyj 2023-2-1 00:06是否存在一个积性函数$f(n)$ (不是常数), 对任何多项式$p(n)$, 方程$f(n)=p(n)$只有有限个解?

例如
$\sigma _0(n)$:$n$ 的正约数的数目
当$n$为质数, $\sigma _0(n)=2$.
所以$\sigma _0(n)$不满足要求.
$\sigma _1(n)$:$n$的正约数之和
当$n$为质数, $\sigma_1(n)=n+1$.
所以$\sigma _1(n)$不满足要求.

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Czhang271828 posted 2023-5-30 16:39
构造积性函数 $\Phi:1\mapsto 1,p_k^{n}\mapsto p_k^{p_k^n}$, 对任意互质的 $a,b\in \mathbb N_+$, 的确有 $\Phi(ab)=\Phi(a)\cdot \Phi(b)$. 但对任意 $M>0$, $\Phi(x)\leq x^M$ 的解有限, 从而 $\Phi(x)$ 与任意多项式有且仅有有限个交点.

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