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[数列] Fibonacci数列中的偶数除以2

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hbghlyj posted 2023-3-24 18:18 |Read mode
$a(n)$ 是 Fibonacci数列中的偶数除以2
  1. Select[Fibonacci/@Range[30]/2, IntegerQ]
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$a(n)$ 是 $\sqrt5$ 的$n$阶渐近分数的分母。
$a(n)$ 属于 divisibility sequence, 即$n|m⇒a(n)|a(m)$, $\gcd(a(n),a(n+k)) = a(\gcd(n, k))$.
$$a(n)={(2 + \sqrt5)^n - (2 - \sqrt5)^n\over2\sqrt5}$$
oeis.org/A001076

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original poster hbghlyj posted 2023-3-24 18:55
projecteuler.net/overview=0002
现在让我们看看是否可以摆脱对偶数的测试。
容易证明每第三个斐波那契数都是偶数。
稍微改变一下程序:
  1. limit=4000000
  2. a=1
  3. b=1
  4. c=a+b
  5. while c<limit:
  6.     print(c)
  7.     a=b+c
  8.     b=c+a
  9.     c=a+b
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2
8
34
144
610
2584
10946
46368
196418
832040
3524578
它们遵循以下递归关系:$$E(n)=4E(n-1)+E(n-2).$$
如果我们能证明对于斐波那契数列,公式 $F(n)=4F(n-3)+F(n-6)$ 成立,我们就证明了这个递归。
F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2)
= F(n-2)+F(n-3)+F(n-2)=2 F(n-2) + F(n-3)
= 2(F(n-3)+F(n-4))+F(n-3))=3 F(n-3) + 2 F(n-4)
= 3 F(n-3) + F(n-4) + F(n-5) + F(n-6)
= 4 F(n-3) + F(n-6)

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