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[函数] $\sin(x)$不是$\cos(nx)$的线性组合

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hbghlyj posted 2023-3-29 01:54 |Read mode
$\sin(x)$不是$\cos(nx),n=0,1,2,\cdots$的线性组合.

证明1
$f(x)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty a_n\cos(nx)$ 必须是偶函数,而 $\sin(x)$ 是奇函数且非零。

证明2
在$L^2[0,1]$内积下$\sin(x)$正交于所有的$\cos(nx)$。
相互正交的非零向量必须是线性无关的。

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