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[函数] 三角恒等变换解方程

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virus Post time 2024-1-29 21:00 From the mobile phone |Read mode
本帖最后由 virus 于 2024-1-29 21:13 编辑 试解出满足如下方程
\begin{align*}
sinx(5+3sinx-8cosx)=3cos^2x
\end{align*}
的所有实数$x$

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kuing Post time 2024-1-29 23:07
本帖最后由 kuing 于 2024-1-30 16:38 编辑 \begin{align*}
&\iff5\sin x+3\sin^2x-3\cos^2x-8\sin x\cos x=0\\
&\iff5\sin x-3\cos2x-4\sin2x=0,
\end{align*}
记 `a=3x/2`, `b=x/2`,则
\begin{align*}
5\sin x-3\cos2x-4\sin2x&=5\sin(a-b)-3\cos(a+b)-4\sin(a+b)\\
&=\sin a\cos b-9\cos a\sin b-3\cos a\cos b+3\sin a\sin b\\
&=(\sin a-3\cos a)(\cos b+3\sin b),
\end{align*}
由此得到
\[\tan\frac{3x}2=3~\text{或}~\tan\frac x2=-\frac13,\]
设 `k\inZ`,前者的解为
\[x=\frac23(\arctan3+k\pi);\]
后者的解为
\[x=2\left(-\arctan\frac13+k\pi\right),\]
还可以化简一点,由两倍角公式有
\[\tan\left(2\arctan\frac13\right)=\frac{2\cdot\frac13}{1-\frac1{3^2}}=\frac34\riff2\arctan\frac13=\arctan\frac34,\]
所以后者的解化简为
\[x=-\arctan\frac34+2k\pi.\]

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睡神 Post time 2024-2-3 00:37 From the mobile phone
k神,为啥不直接上辅助角?
除了不懂,就是装懂

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kuing Post time 2024-2-3 00:44
睡神 发表于 2024-2-3 00:37
k神,为啥不直接上辅助角?


哦,我没注意到 3 4 5 😅,你的意思我懂啦😋

PS、long time no see 😊

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睡神 Post time 2024-2-3 12:42 From the mobile phone
老了,题做不来了,就很少冒泡了

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你还是那么谦虚🙄  Post time 2024-2-3 13:56
谦虚条毛线,实力不允许啊~  Post time 2024-2-3 18:01
除了不懂,就是装懂

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