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$\odot O_1, \odot O_2$外切于$P$,点$A$在$\odot O_1$上,直线$AD$切$\odot O_2$于$D$交$\odot O_1$于$C$,点$B$在$\odot O_1$上,直线$BE$切$\odot O_2$于$E$,直线$CF$平分$\angle BCD$交$DE$于$F$,求证$\angle CBF=\angle CPD$。
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以前收藏的一个题,最后能得出$F$是旁心。我觉得导角那里有点复杂,是不是有什么简单证法?原证法如下:
设$DP$交$\odot O_1$于$T$,$TB$交$DE$于$F'$,由于$\odot O_1, \odot O_2$关于点$P$位似,$TPD$共线,所以$\overset{\LARGE\frown}{PT}=\overset{\LARGE\frown}{PD}$,于是$\angle PAT=\frac{\overset{\LARGE\frown}{PT}}{2}=\frac{\overset{\LARGE\frown}{PD}}{2}=\angle PED=\angle PDC$,所以$\triangle TAP\sim\triangle TDA$,于是$TA^2=TP\cdot TD$,且还有$\angle TPA=\angle TAD$,于是$\overset{\LARGE\frown}{AT}=\overset{\LARGE\frown}{CT}$。
由于$ATBP$共圆,所以$\angle PBF'=\angle TAP=\angle TDA=\angle PEF'$,于是$PBEF'$共圆,所以$\angle TF'P=\angle PEB=\angle PDE$,于是$TF'^2=TP\cdot TD$,但$TA^2=TP\cdot TD$,所以$TA=TF'$。
由于$\angle ABT=\frac{\overset{\LARGE\frown}{AT}}{2}=\frac{\overset{\LARGE\frown}{ATC}}{4}=\frac{360^{\circ}-\overset{\LARGE\frown}{AC}}{4}=90^\circ-\frac{\angle ABC}{2}$,所以$\angle CBF'=180^\circ-(\angle ABT+\angle ABC)=90^\circ-\frac{\angle ABC}{2}=\angle ABT$,从而$BF'$为$\angle ABC$的外角平分线。
由于$TF'=TA=TC, \angle CTF'=\frac{\overset{\LARGE\frown}{BC}}{2}=\angle BAC$,所以$\angle CF'T=\frac{180^\circ-\angle CTF'}{2}=90^\circ-\frac{\angle BAC}{2}$,于是$\angle BCF'=180^\circ-(\angle CF'T+\angle CBF')=90^\circ-\frac{\angle ACB}{2}$,继而$\angle DCF'=180^\circ-(\angle BCF'+\angle ACB)=90^\circ-\frac{\angle ACB}{2}$,所以$CF'$平分$\angle BCD$,但$CF$平分$\angle BCD$,于是$F,F'$重合。
设$PK$为两圆公切线,于是$\angle CBF=\angle CBP+\angle PBF=\angle CPK+\angle PEF=\angle CPK+\angle DPK=\angle CPD$。
显然$F$即$\triangle ABC$的旁心。 |
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