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[几何] $\set{f(x,y)≤0}$由3部分組成,$\deg f$至少是?

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hbghlyj Posted 2024-2-10 22:08 |Read mode
Last edited by hbghlyj 2024-2-11 14:08
實系數多項式$f(x,y)$,$\deg f=d$,
若$\set{(x,y)\inR^2|f(x,y)≤0}$有界,且由3個連續部分組成,最小的$d$是?

例如:desmos.com/calculator/xolnqsfgy3
\begin{equation}\label1
f=(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}+\left(y-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^{2})(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}+\left(y+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^{2})(\left(x-1\right)^{2}+y^{2})-0.95^2
\end{equation}
因此$d_\min\le6\kern100px$

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 Author| hbghlyj Posted 2024-2-10 22:26
一個想法:存在一條直線$l$,曲線和$l$有4個交點,所以至少是4次的

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 Author| hbghlyj Posted 2024-2-10 23:16
Last edited by hbghlyj 2024-2-11 14:07
若\eqref{1}将0.95改為$1$\[x^6 + 3x^4y^2 - 2x^3 + 3x^2y^4 + 6xy^2 + y^6=0\]解出$y^2$,分解成3個式子之积,其中一個式子是desmos.com/calculator/gskmqcmmao
\[y^{2}=-x^{2}-\frac{2^{\frac{2}{3}}x}{(2x^{3}+\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2x^{6}+x^{3}})^{\frac{1}{3}}}+2^{\frac{1}{3}}(2x^{3}+\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2x^{6}+x^{3}})^{\frac{1}{3}}\]

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 Author| hbghlyj Posted 2024-2-11 22:04
hbghlyj 发表于 2024-2-10 14:26
一個想法:存在一條直線$l$,曲線和$l$有4個交點,所以至少是4次的
是否存在4次的$f$,$\Set{(x,y)\inR^2|f(x,y)\le0}$有界,且由3個連續部分組成

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 Author| hbghlyj Posted 2024-2-12 06:39
$\set{(x,y)\inR^2|f(x,y)≤0}$有3個分離的部分,說明$f(x,y)$有3個最小值!例如\eqref{1}最小值是在$(x,y)=$$(-\frac12,\pm\frac{\sqrt3}2),(1,0)$處取到。
能否證明一個4次的$f$在平面上不可能有3個最小值

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