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[不等式] 2024年北大金秋营第2题

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lemondian posted 2024-10-21 10:52 |Read mode
设实数$a>b>c$,求证:$|\dfrac{(a-b)(b-c)(1-ab-bc-ca)}{(a-c)(1+a^2)(1+b^2)(1+c^2)}|\leqslant \dfrac{1}{4}$

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kuing posted 2024-10-21 15:18
看着很难,其实很弱。
由均值有
\[0<(a-b)(b-c)\leqslant\left(\frac{a-b+b-c}2\right)^2=\frac14(a-c)^2,\quad(1)\]
再由用过很多次的恒等式 `(1+a^2)(1+b^2)(1+c^2)=(a+b+c-abc)^2+(ab+bc+ca-1)^2` 得
\[\abs{ab+bc+ca-1}\leqslant\sqrt{(1+a^2)(1+b^2)(1+c^2)},\quad(2)\]
最后再由柯西有
\[0<a-c\leqslant\sqrt{(a^2+1)\bigl(1+(-c)^2\bigr)}\leqslant\sqrt{(1+a^2)(1+b^2)(1+c^2)},\quad(3)\]
将 (1), (2), (3) 三式相乘即得
\[(a-b)(b-c)\abs{ab+bc+ca-1}\leqslant\frac14(a-c)(1+a^2)(1+b^2)(1+c^2),\]
即得证。

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