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[函数] 最大最小值问题

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wayne posted 2020-6-23 17:22 |Read mode
将函数$|cosx + a| + |sin(2x) + b|$在$x\in\left[0,\frac{\pi}{2}\right]$的最大值记为$M(a,b)$,求$M(a,b)$的最小值($a,b$是任意实数)。

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facebooker posted 2020-6-23 19:30
Last edited by facebooker 2020-6-24 20:18回复 1# wayne


我用曼哈顿距离算的结果是大概0.88  因为有根号 四舍五入了 太丑陋了这个数字  建议把题目改一改吧 算死个人了

曼哈顿距离

曼哈顿距离

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kuing posted 2020-6-24 03:38
有点坑啊,算了一下,出现了双重根号……
明天再写……

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敬畏数学 posted 2020-6-24 10:03
回复 2# facebooker
what"s it?

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色k posted 2020-6-24 14:04

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kuing posted 2020-6-24 18:13
设 `\theta` 为锐角且满足
\[\sin\theta=\frac{-1+\sqrt{33}}8\approx0.593,\]则可计算出
\[\cos\theta=\frac14\sqrt{\frac{15+\sqrt{33}}2}\approx0.805,\]设 $f(x)=\abs{\cos x+a}+\abs{\sin(2x)+b}$,则依题意有
\begin{align*}
2M(a,b)&\geqslant f\left( \frac\pi2 \right)+f(\theta)\\
&=\abs a+\abs b+\abs{\cos\theta+a}+\abs{\sin(2\theta)+b}\\
&\geqslant\cos\theta+\sin(2\theta),
\end{align*}所以
\[M(a,b)\geqslant\frac{\cos\theta+\sin(2\theta)}2,\]经计算可知上式右边的值为
\[\frac1{16}\sqrt{\frac{207+33\sqrt{33}}2}\approx0.880,\]接下来需要说明等号能够取到,事实上,取等的 `(a,b)` 有无穷对,其中一对是
\[(a,b)=\left( -\frac12,\frac12-\frac{\cos\theta+\sin(2\theta)}2 \right),\]也就是要证明
\[\max_{x\in[0,\pi/2]}\left\{ \left| \cos x-\frac12 \right|+\left| \sin(2x)+\frac12-\frac{\cos\theta+\sin(2\theta)}2 \right| \right\}=\frac{\cos\theta+\sin(2\theta)}2,\]可是要证明它似乎挺麻烦,所以暂时耍赖一下——用软件作图代替着先,有机会再补充严格的证明
QQ截图20200624181341.png

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original poster wayne posted 2020-6-24 22:05
回复 2# facebooker
挺好的, 我算的也是这个答案. :)

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original poster wayne posted 2020-6-24 22:07
回复 6# kuing
我跟2#一样,用的是曼哈顿距离,作图法则.你这纯粹分析,功力深厚!

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facebooker posted 2020-6-24 22:12
回复 7# wayne


    通常推荐的解法是绝对值恒等式的方法+切比雪夫

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original poster wayne posted 2020-6-24 22:22
嗯嗯,学习了,谢谢大家. 原题简单些:bbs.emath.ac.cn/thread-17308-1-1.html
我稍微改了下.就是求个验证

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kuing posted 2020-6-24 22:55
回复 8# wayne

我在开始思考时其实也是根据图形,也是根据图形知道有无穷多对 (a,b) 使之取等,在算出相切的那个 `\theta` 之后,改写成 6# 那个所谓的过程只是装装逼而已……

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kuing posted 2020-6-25 02:14
补个动图——取等s :

(第一次手工写 SVG 代码,一般浏览器应该都能看到那正方形会动吧……

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original poster wayne posted 2020-6-25 09:17
漂亮!会折腾.asymptote 也挺不错的,玩数学的值得推荐.
asymptote.sourceforge.io/

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