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[几何] 2020年江苏卷第13题 直角三角中的向量

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isee Posted 2020-7-12 14:42 |Read mode
在$\triangle ABC$中,$AB=4$,$AC=3$,$\angle BAC =90^\circ $,$D$在边$BC$上,延长$AD$到$P$,使得$AP=9$,若$\overrightarrow{PA}=m\overrightarrow{PB}+\left(\frac 32-m\right)\overrightarrow{PC}$($m$为常数),则$CD$的长度是_________.
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 Author| isee Posted 2020-7-12 14:58
回复 1# isee


    如果以点$A$坐标原点,$AB$所在直线为$x$轴建立直角坐标系,设$P(9\cos\theta,9\sin\theta)$亦可以的,且可以算出$m=27/25$,再求$CD$的长,数据上让你“难看”$D(72/25,21/25)$。


从$C,D,B$三点共线角度——
\begin{align*}
\frac 32\cdot \frac 23\vv{PA}&=m\vv{PB}+\left(\frac 32-m\right)\vv{PC}\\[1em]
\frac 32&=m+\left(\frac 32-m\right)\\[1em]
\therefore \frac 23\vv{PA}&=\vv{PD}\\[1em]
\Rightarrow \frac {PD}{DA}&=\frac 21\\[1em]
\because AP&=9\\[1em]
\therefore AD&=3=AC
\end{align*}

记$A$在$CD$上的射影为$A'$,则$$CA'=\frac {AC^2}{CB}=\frac 95,$$

于是$$CD=2CA'=\frac {18}5.$$

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敬畏数学 Posted 2020-7-14 14:30
Last edited by 敬畏数学 2020-7-14 21:52首先,$ \vv{AP} =2m\vv{AB}+(3-2m)\vv{AC},$得:$ \frac{|AP|}{|AD|}=3 ,$由$ (\vv{AP})^2=81,$得:$m=0$或者$m=\frac{27}{25} ,$且$  \vv{AD}=\frac{1}{3}\vv{AP}$,$ \vv{CD}=\vv{CA}+\vv{AD} =\frac{2}{3}m\vv{AB}-\frac{2}{3}m\vv{AC}$,两边平方得:$ CD $长度为0或者$ \frac{18}{5} $.也可以这样:$ \vv{CB}=K\vv{CD} ,\vv{AP}=2m\vv{CB}+3\vv{AC}=\vv{AC}+\vv{CP},\vv{CP}=2mk\vv{CD}-2\vv{CA},2mk=3,CD=\frac{CB}{K}=\frac{18}{5},0r,CD=0$

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 Author| isee Posted 2020-9-19 17:48
回复 3# 敬畏数学


今天才发现这个解答说明了m=0是可以的,即CD=0,这算江苏卷翻车了吧

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依然饭特稀 Posted 2020-9-21 09:45
回复 4# isee

    这个考完之后就吵的厉害

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kuing Posted 2020-9-21 09:49
回复 5# 依然饭特稀

如果是这样的话……只怪命题者没主动交待 “D在边BC上”是否包含端点……

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