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[数列] 数列$\{3^n-2^n\}$ 中是否存在三项成等差数列

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isee posted 2020-11-25 17:42 |Read mode
数列$\{3^n-2^n\}$ 中是否存在三项成等差数列?

写出具体几项,可以初步判断是不存在的。

初步想法是
记$a_n=3^n-2^n$假设三项为等差数列$a_p,a_q,a_r$,$1\leqslant p<q<r$且为整数,易知$2a_q<a_{q+1}\leqslant a_r<a_p+a_r$,矛盾。

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战巡 posted 2020-11-26 11:50
回复 1# isee

我们假设$p<q<r$且$a_p+a_r=2a_q$,而显然$a_n$是递增的,如此必须有
\[a_r=2a_q-a_p\ge a_{q+1}\]
\[2a_q-a_{q+1}\ge a_p\]
\[2(3^q-2^q)-(3^{q+1}-2^{q+1})\ge a_p\]
\[-3^q\ge a_p\]
这怎么可能呢?$a_p>0$的啊,因此是不行的

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