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[概率/统计] 酒水悖论 先验概率

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hbghlyj Posted 2022-4-26 23:03 |Read mode
Last edited by hbghlyj 2022-4-27 09:13en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine/water_paradox

已知一种酒和水的混合物,使得酒的量与水的量之比$x$满足$\frac13≤x≤3$,求$x≤2$的概率。

假设酒的比例的概率分布是均匀的,$P(x≤2)=\frac{2-\frac13}{3-\frac13}=\frac58$
假设水的比例的概率分布是均匀的,$P(x≤2)=P(\frac1x≥\frac12)=\frac{3-\frac12}{3-\frac13}=\frac{15}{16}>\frac58$

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战巡 Posted 2022-4-27 10:52
这有意思么?

两种设法都是胡闹!如果没有特别设定,一个比例数怎么可能直接假设为均匀分布
你只能去假设$\frac{x}{1+x}$为均匀分布

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 Author| hbghlyj Posted 2022-4-27 16:04
回复 2# 战巡

我只是搬运wikipedia
好像是principle of indifference

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战巡 Posted 2022-4-27 16:28
回复 3# hbghlyj


其实是这个$\frac{1}{3}\le x\le 3$给人很严重的误导
如果你把这个限制范围去掉,你会发现随便一瓶酒,都应该有$0\le x\le+\infty$,然后你就不可能去往均匀分布的方向想了

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