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mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Curves
立方抛物线(cubical parabola):$y=ax^3\quad(a\ne0)$
%5E(3)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
半立方抛物线(cuspidal cubic):$y^2=ax^3$
%5E(1.5)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,smooth,samples=100,domain=0:2%5D%20plot(%5Cx,%7B-(%5Cx)%5E(1.5)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
Tschirnhausen Cubic:$ r=a\sec^3\frac{\theta}3$
%2F3)*sqrt((1-%5Cx)%2F3)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,smooth,samples=100,domain=-15:1%5D%20plot(%5Cx,%7B-(3-(1-%5Cx)%2F3)*sqrt((1-%5Cx)%2F3)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt%5D(1,0.1)--(1,-0.1);%0D%0A%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
伯努利双纽线:
$\left(x^{2}+y^{2}\right)^{2}=a^{2}\left(x^{2}-y^{2}\right)$
$\rho^{2}=a^{2} \cos{ 2 \theta}$
%20--%20(3,0);%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D%20(0,-2)%20--%20(0,2);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,domain=-pi%2F4:pi%2F4,samples=100%5D%20plot%20(%7Bdeg(%5Cx)%7D:%7B2*sqrt(cos(2*deg(%5Cx)))%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,domain=-pi%2F4:pi%2F4,samples=100%5D%20plot%20(%7Bdeg(%5Cx)%7D:%7B-2*sqrt(cos(2*deg(%5Cx)))%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt%5D(0.1,0.1)--(-0.1,-0.1);%0D%0A%5Cdraw(1.2,0.1)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(-1.2,0.1)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
伯努利双纽线:
$\left(x^{2}+y^{2}\right)^{2}=2a^{2}xy$
$\rho^{2}=a^{2} \sin{ 2 \theta}$
%20--%20(3,0);%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D%20(0,-2)%20--%20(0,2);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,domain=0:pi%2F2,samples=100%5D%20plot%20(%7Bdeg(%5Cx)%7D:%7B2*sqrt(sin(2*deg(%5Cx)))%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,domain=0:pi%2F2,samples=100%5D%20plot%20(%7Bdeg(%5Cx)%7D:%7B-2*sqrt(sin(2*deg(%5Cx)))%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt%5D(0.1,0.1)--(-0.1,-0.1);%0D%0A%5Cdraw(1.414,1.414)--(-1.414,-1.414);%0D%0A%5Cdraw(0.777817,%200.919239)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(-0.919239,-0.777817)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
星形线(内摆线的一种):$x^{\frac{2}{3}}+y^{\frac{2}{3}}=a^{\frac{2}{3}}$
$\begin{cases}x=a \cos ^{3} \theta \\ y=a \sin ^{3} \theta\end{cases}$
%5E(2%2F3))%5E(3%2F2)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,smooth,samples=100,domain=0:1%5D%20plot(%5Cx,%7B-(1-(%5Cx)%5E(2%2F3))%5E(3%2F2)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,smooth,samples=100,domain=-1:0%5D%20plot(%5Cx,%7B(1-(-%5Cx)%5E(2%2F3))%5E(3%2F2)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,smooth,samples=100,domain=-1:0%5D%20plot(%5Cx,%7B-(1-(-%5Cx)%5E(2%2F3))%5E(3%2F2)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D%20(-2.5,0)--(2.5,0);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(2.5,0)%20node%5Bbelow%5D%20%7B%24x%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(0,1.5)%20node%5Bright%5D%20%7B%24y%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(0.35,0.1)%20node%7B%24a%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D%20(0,-1.5)--(0,1.5);%0D%0A%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
心形线(外摆线的一种)$x^{2}+y^{2}+a x=a \sqrt{x^{2}+y^{2}}$
$\rho=a(1-\cos \theta)$
-2*%5Cx-2*(%5Cx)%5E2)%2F2)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,smooth,samples=100,domain=-2:0.25%5D%20plot(%5Cx,%7Bsqrt((1+sqrt(1-4*%5Cx)-2*%5Cx-2*(%5Cx)%5E2)%2F2)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,smooth,samples=100,domain=0:0.25%5D%20plot(%5Cx,%7B-sqrt((1-sqrt(1-4*%5Cx)-2*%5Cx-2*(%5Cx)%5E2)%2F2)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,smooth,samples=100,domain=-2:0.25%5D%20plot(%5Cx,%7B-sqrt((1+sqrt(1-4*%5Cx)-2*%5Cx-2*(%5Cx)%5E2)%2F2)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw(-1.5,0)circle%5Bradius=0.5%5D;%5Cdraw(-0.5,0)circle%5Bradius=0.5%5D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt%5D(0.23,0.598)--(0.25,0.433)--(0.23,0.275);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt%5D(0.23,-0.598)--(0.25,-0.433)--(0.23,-0.275);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D(-3,0)--(1,0);%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D(0,-1.5)--(0,1.5);%0D%0A%5Cdraw(-0.5,-0.1)node%7B%24%5Cunderbrace%7B%5Cqquad%5Cqquad%5Cquad%7D%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw(-0.5,-0.25)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw(-1.5,-0.1)node%7B%24%5Cunderbrace%7B%5Cqquad%5Cqquad%5Cquad%7D%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw(-1.5,-0.25)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
箕舌线:$y=\frac{8 a^{3}}{x^{2}+4 a^{2}}$
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蔓叶线:$y^{2}(2 a-x)=x^{3}$
)%5E(1%2F2)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,smooth,samples=100,domain=0:1.6%5D%20plot(%5Cx,%7B-(%5Cx%5E3%2F(2-%5Cx))%5E(1%2F2)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D%20(-0.3,0)--(2.2,0);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(2.2,0)%20node%5Bbelow%5D%20%7B%24x%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(0,3)%20node%5Bright%5D%20%7B%24y%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D%20(0,-3)--(0,3);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(0,0)%20node%5Bbelow%20left%5D%20%7B%24O%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(2,3)--(2,-3);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(1,0)%20circle%5Bradius=1%5D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(0.7,0)%20node%5Babove%5D%20%7B%24a%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(1.5,0)%20node%5Babove%5D%20%7B%24a%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(1,0)--(1,0.1);%0D%0A%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
概率曲线:$y=e^{-x^{2}}$
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笛卡儿叶形线:
$x^{3}+y^{3}-3axy=0$
$r=\frac{3a\sin \theta \cos \theta }{\sin ^{3}\theta +\cos ^{3}\theta }$
$x=\frac{3 a t}{1+t^{3}}, y=\frac{3 a t^{2}}{1+t^{3}}$
%7D:%7B3*sin(deg(%5Cx))*cos(deg(%5Cx))%2F(sin(deg(%5Cx))%5E3+cos(deg(%5Cx))%5E3)%7D);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D%20(-3,0)--(3,0);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(3,0)%20node%5Bbelow%5D%20%7B%24x%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D%20(0,-3)--(0,3);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%20(0,3)%20node%5Bright%5D%20%7B%24y%24%7D;%0D%0A%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
摆线:$\left\{\begin{array}{l}x=a(\theta-\sin \theta) \\ y=a(1-\cos \theta)\end{array}\right.$
%20at%20(0,0);%20%5Ccoordinate%20(A)%20at%20(0,3);%20%5Cdef%5Cr%7B1%7D%20%5Cdef%5Cc%7B1.4%7D%20%5Ccoordinate%20(C)%20at%20(%5Cc,%20%5Cr);%20%5Cdraw%5B-latex%5D%20(O)%20--%20(A)%20node%5Banchor=south%5D%20%7B%24y%24%7D;%20%5Cdraw%5B-latex%5D%20(O)%20--%20(2.6*pi,0)%20node%5Banchor=west%5D%20%7B%24x%24%7D;%20%5Cdraw%5Bred,domain=-0.5*pi:2.5*pi,samples=50,%20line%20width=1%5D%20plot%20(%7B%5Cx%20-%20sin(%5Cx%20r)%7D,%7B1%20-%20cos(%5Cx%20r)%7D);%20%5Cdraw%5Bblue,%20line%20width=1%5D%20(C)%20circle%20(%5Cr);%20%5Cdraw%5B%5D%20(C)%20circle%20(%5Cr);%20%5Cdef%5Cx%7B0.4%7D%20%5Cdef%5Cy%7B0.83%7D%20%5Cdef%5Cxa%7B0.3%7D%20%5Cdef%5Cya%7B1.2%7D%20%5Ccoordinate%20(X)%20at%20(%5Cx,%200%20);%20%5Ccoordinate%20(Y)%20at%20(0,%20%5Cy%20);%20%5Ccoordinate%20(XY)%20at%20(%5Cx,%20%5Cy%20);%20%5Cnode%5Banchor=north%5D%20at%20(X)%20%7B%24x%24%7D%20;%20%5Cdraw%5Bfill=blue%5D%20(C)%20circle%20(1pt);%20%5Cdraw%5B%5D%20(C)%20--%20node%5Banchor=south%5D%20%7B%5C;%20%24a%24%7D%20(XY);%20%5Ccoordinate%20(B)%20at%20(%5Cc,%200);%20%5Cdraw%5B%5D%20(C)%20--%20(B)%20node%5Banchor=north%5D%20%7B%24a%20%5C,%20%5Ctheta%24%7D;%20%5Cdraw%5Bdotted%5D%20(XY)%20--%20(X);%20%5Cdraw%5Bdotted%5D%20(XY)%20--%20(Y)%20node%5Banchor=east,%20xshift=1mm%5D%20%7B%24%5Cquad%20y%24%7D;%20%5Ccoordinate%20(S)%20at%20(%5Cc,%200.4);%20%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D%20(S)%20arc%20(-90:-165:0.6);%20%5Cnode%5Bxshift=-2mm,%20yshift=-2mm%5D%20at%20(C)%20%7B%5Cscriptsize%20%24%5Ctheta%24%7D;%20%5Ccoordinate%20(AA)%20at%20(%5Cxa,%20%5Cya);%20%5Cdraw%5B-latex,%20rotate=25%5D%20(AA)%20arc%20(-220:-260:1.3);%20%5Cdef%5Cxb%7B2.5%7D%20%5Cdef%5Cyb%7B0.8%7D%20%5Ccoordinate%20(AB)%20at%20(%5Cxb,%20%5Cyb);%20%5Cdraw%5B-latex,%20rotate=-10%5D%20(AB)%20arc%20(-5:-45:1.3);%20%5Cdraw%5Bfill=black%5D%20(XY)%20circle%20(1pt);%20%5Ccoordinate%20(T)%20at%20(pi,%202);%20%5Cnode%5Banchor=south%5D%20at%20(T)%7B%24(%5Cpi%20a,%202%20a%20)%24%7D%20;%20%5Cdraw%5Bfill=black%5D%20(T)%20circle%20(1pt);%20%5Ccoordinate%20(E)%20at%20(%204,1.2);%20%5Ccoordinate%20(F)%20at%20(%204,0.9);%20%5Cnode%5B%5D%20at%20(E)%20%7B%5Cscriptsize%20%24x=a(%5Ctheta%20-%20%5Csin%20%5Ctheta)%24%7D;%20%5Cnode%5B%5D%20at%20(F)%20%7B%5Cscriptsize%20%24y=a(1%20-%20%5Ccos%20%5Ctheta)%24%7D;%20%5Ccoordinate(TPA)%20at%20(2*pi,%200);%20%5Cnode%5Banchor=north%5D%20at%20(TPA)%20%7B%242%20%5Cpi%20a%24%7D;%20%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
阿基米德螺线:$\rho=a \theta$
--(0,2);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D(-2,0)--(2,0);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,smooth,samples=100,domain=0:2*pi%5D%20plot(%7Bdeg(%5Cx)%7D:%7Bdeg(%5Cx)%2F200%7D);%0D%0A%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
对数螺线:$\rho=e^{a \theta}$
--(0,2);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5B-%26gt;%5D(-2,0)--(2,0);%0D%0A%5Cdraw%5Bline%20width=2.pt,smooth,samples=100,domain=0:2*pi%5D%20plot(%7Bdeg(%5Cx)%7D:%7Bexp(%5Cx)%2F100%7D);%0D%0A%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
双曲螺线:$\rho \theta=a$
%7D:%7B2%2F%5Cx%7D);%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
连锁螺线:$\rho \sqrt\theta=a$
%7D:%7B2%2Fsqrt(%5Cx)%7D);%5Cdraw%5Bsmooth,samples=100,domain=-3:0%5D%20plot(%7Bdeg(e%5E%5Cx)%7D:%7B2%2Fsqrt(e%5E%5Cx)%7D);%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
三叶玫瑰线:$\rho=a\cos{3\theta}$
%7D:%7Bcos(deg(%5Cx*3))%7D);%5Cdraw(0,0)--(0:1);%5Cdraw(0,0)--(120:1);%5Cdraw(0,0)--(240:1);%20%5Cdraw(10:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(130:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(250:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
三叶玫瑰线:$\rho=a\sin{3\theta}$
%7D:%7Bsin(deg(%5Cx*3))%7D);%5Cdraw(0,0)--(30:1);%5Cdraw(0,0)--(150:1);%5Cdraw(0,0)--(270:1);%5Cdraw(260:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(40:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(140:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
四叶玫瑰线:$\rho=a\cos{2\theta}$
%7D:%7Bcos(deg(%5Cx*2))%7D);%5Cdraw(0:-1)--(0:1);%5Cdraw(90:-1)--(90:1);%5Cdraw(10:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(100:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(170:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(-100:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D)
四叶玫瑰线:$\rho=a\sin{2\theta}$
%7D:%7Bsin(deg(%5Cx*2))%7D);%5Cdraw(0,0)--(45:1);%5Cdraw(0,0)--(135:1);%5Cdraw(0,0)--(225:1);%5Cdraw(0,0)--(-45:1);%5Cdraw(55:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(-55:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(125:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cdraw(-125:0.5)node%7B%24a%24%7D;%5Cend%7Btikzpicture%7D) |
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