Conformal map between square and disk Equations
The equation for the function from the square to the disk is
\[f(z) = \frac{1-i}{2} \, \text{sd}\left(\frac{1+i}{2} K z;\frac{1}{2}\right)\]
where $\text{sd}$ is a Jacobi elliptic function with parameter $1/2$. The constant $K$ is the complete elliptic function of the first kind, evaluated at $1/2$. In symbols, $K = K(1/2)$.
The inverse function has equation
\[g(w) = (1-i) - \frac{1-i}{K} F\left(\cos^{-1}\left(\frac{1-i}{\sqrt{2}} w\right);\frac{1}{2} \right )\]
Here $F$ is the incomplete elliptic function of the first kind. For more background, see this post on kinds of elliptic integrals.