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Author |
hbghlyj
Post time 2024-3-9 05:01
例题:USAMO-2012-notes(PDF|TeX)第9页 §2.2 USAMO 2012/5
Let $P$ be a point in the plane of $\triangle ABC$,
and $\gamma$ a line through $P$.
Let $A'$, $B'$, $C'$ be the points where the
reflections of lines $PA$, $PB$, $PC$ with respect to $\gamma$
intersect lines $BC$, $CA$, $AB$ respectively.
Prove that $A'$, $B'$, $C'$ are collinear.
import graph; import geometry; unitsize(0.5 cm); pair[] A, B, C; pair P, R; A[0] = (2,12); B[0] = (0,0); C[0] = (14,0); P = (4,5); R = 5*dir(70); A[1] = extension(B[0],C[0],P,reflect(P + R,P - R)*(A[0])); B[1] = extension(C[0],A[0],P,reflect(P + R,P - R)*(B[0])); C[1] = extension(A[0],B[0],P,reflect(P + R,P - R)*(C[0])); draw((P - R)--(P + R),red); draw(A[1]--B[1]--C[1]--cycle,blue); draw(A[0]--B[0]--C[0]--cycle); draw(A[0]--P); draw(B[0]--P); draw(C[0]--P); draw(P--A[1]); draw(P--B[1]); draw(P--C[1]); draw(A[1]--B[0]); draw(A[1]--B[0]); label("$A$", A[0], N); label("$B$", B[0], S); label("$C$", C[0], SE); dot("$A'$", A[1], SW); dot("$B'$", B[1], NE); dot("$C'$", C[1], W); dot("$P$", P, S); label("$\gamma$", P + R, N);
Second solution (Desargues involution).
设 $C'' = \overline{A'B'} \cap \overline{AB}$.
对完全四线形 $ABCA'B'C''$ 用笛沙格定理的对偶,存在对合 $\tau$ 交换$(PA,PA')$, $(PB,PB')$, $(PC,PC'')$.
由于$(PA,PA')$, $(PB,PB')$关于 $\gamma$ 对称,这个 $\tau$ 就是关于 $\gamma$ 对称,所以 $C'' = C$. |
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