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[数论] 素数表为两个平方数之和的公式

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hbghlyj Posted at 2024-11-21 03:42:00 |Read mode
素数 $p=4k+1$,那么 $\alpha=\left\langle\dfrac{1}{2}\dbinom{2k}{k}\right\rangle$ 和 $\beta=\langle(2k)!\alpha\rangle$ 满足 $p=\alpha^2+\beta^2$
这里 $\langle n\rangle$ 表示 $n \bmod p$ 的“绝对值最小”余数,即 $\langle n\rangle\equiv n\pmod p$ 且 $|\langle n\rangle|<\frac{p}{2}$.

例如,如果 $p=5$,则 $k=1$,$\alpha=\langle\frac12\binom 21\rangle=1$ 和 $\beta=\langle 2!\cdot1\rangle=2$ 满足 $5=1^2+2^2$.
如果 $p=13$,则 $k=3$,$\alpha=\langle\frac12\binom 63\rangle=-3$ 和 $\beta=\langle 6!\cdot(-3)\rangle=-2$ 满足 $13=(-3)^2+(-2)^2$.

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 Author| hbghlyj Posted at 2025-1-13 17:11:11
顶一下

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2025-4-21 01:26 GMT+8

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