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佛山杜国强(2905*****) 11:06:22
求破 考虑了三角代换 但不成功
令 $x=1+\tan^2A$, $y=1+\tan^2B$,其中 $A$, $B$ 为锐角,则
\begin{align*}
\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt z=\sqrt{z(x-1)(y-1)}
&\iff\frac1{\cos A\cos B}+\sqrt z=\sqrt z\tan A\tan B \\
&\iff1+\sqrt z\cos A\cos B=\sqrt z\sin A\sin B \\
&\iff1+\sqrt z\cos(A+B)=0 \\
&\iff\sqrt z=\frac1{\cos(\pi-A-B)},
\end{align*}
再令 $\pi-A-B=C$,则 $A$, $B$, $C$ 构成锐角三角形,且
\[z=\frac1{\cos^2C}=1+\tan^2C,\]
那么,由均值以及柯西有
\begin{align*}
\frac{\sqrt x}{3x+(y-1)(z-1)}
&=\frac{4\sqrt x}{3x+9x+4(y-1)(z-1)} \\
&\leqslant \frac{4\sqrt x}{3x+12\sqrt{x(y-1)(z-1)}} \\
&=\frac4{49}\cdot \frac{(1+6)^2}{3\sqrt x+12\sqrt{(y-1)(z-1)}} \\
&\leqslant \frac4{49}\left( \frac1{3\sqrt x}+\frac{36}{12\sqrt{(y-1)(z-1)}} \right) \\
&=\frac4{49}\left( \frac13\cos A+\frac3{\tan B\tan C} \right),
\end{align*}
所以
\begin{align*}
\sum\frac{\sqrt x}{3x+(y-1)(z-1)}&\leqslant \frac4{49}\left( \frac13(\cos A+\cos B+\cos C)+\frac{3(\tan A+\tan B+\tan C)}{\tan A\tan B\tan C} \right) \\
&=\frac4{49}\left( \frac13(\cos A+\cos B+\cos C)+3 \right) \\
&\leqslant \frac4{49}\left( \frac12+3 \right) \\
&=\frac27,
\end{align*}
故原不等式得证,等号成立当且仅当 $\triangle ABC$ 为等边三角形,此时 $x=y=z=4$。 |
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