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[几何] 三个向量和的绝对值的 最小值 几何画图怎么做?

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realnumber posted 2022-1-10 15:17 |Read mode
Last edited by realnumber 2022-1-10 15:33几何办法想不出

平面向量$\vv{a},\vv{b},\vv{c}$,满足$\abs{\vv{a}}=\abs{\vv{b}} \ne 0$,$\vv{a}\cdot \vv{b}=0,\abs{\vv{c}}=\sqrt{2},\abs{\vv{a}-\vv{c}}=1$,求$\abs{\vv{a}+\vv{b}+\vv{c}}$的最小值.


代数是这样做的,$\vv{c}=(\sqrt{2},0),\vv{a}=(x,y),\vv{b}=(-y,x),(x-\sqrt{2})^2+y^2=1$,$x-\sqrt{2}=\cos \alpha ,y=\sin \alpha$
$\abs{\vv{a}+\vv{b}+\vv{c}}^2=12+2\sqrt{2}[2(\cos \alpha-\sin \alpha)+(\cos \alpha+ \sin \alpha)]$
$(\cos \alpha-\sin \alpha)^2+(\cos \alpha+\sin \alpha)^2=2$再三角换元即可

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kuing posted 2022-1-10 23:04
捕获.PNG
C(1,1),A 在绿圆上动,B 为 A 绕 O 逆时针旋转 90°。
作正方形 OADB,连 CD 及取中点 M,则 `\bm a+\bm b+\bm c=2\vv{OM}`。
由 OAD 是等腰 Rt△ 知 D 的轨迹是以 (0,2) 为圆心,`\sqrt2` 为半径的圆。
再由 M 是 CD 中点知 M 的轨迹是以 (0.5,1.5) 为圆心,`\sqrt2/2` 为半径的圆。
由此易见 2|OM| 的最小值为 `\sqrt{10}-\sqrt2`。(顺带最大值为 `\sqrt{10}+\sqrt2`)

如果 B 是顺时针旋转,则轨迹与上面的关于 OC 对称,所以结果是一样的。

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走走看看 + 1 强!

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kuing posted 2022-1-11 00:41
回复 1# realnumber

你倒数第二行 `=12+2\sqrt{2}[2(\cos \alpha-\sin \alpha)+(\cos \alpha+ \sin \alpha)]` 后可以 CS `\ge12-2\sqrt2\sqrt{(4+1)[(\cos \alpha-\sin \alpha)^2+(\cos \alpha+ \sin \alpha)^2]}=12-4\sqrt5`,开荒后就是 `\sqrt{10}-\sqrt2`,答案与 2# 一致。

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realnumber + 1 谢谢kk,:)

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走走看看 posted 2022-2-2 21:05
回复 2# kuing


$由 OAD 是等腰 Rt△ 知 D 的轨迹是以 (0,2) 为圆心, \sqrt{2}为半径的圆。$

请问Kuing这个圆心和半径是如何得到的?

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走走看看 posted 2022-2-2 21:07
祝大家 年年青春,岁岁喜庆!

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走走看看 posted 2022-2-3 06:59
玖在想明白了,建立参数方程,然后化成直角方程即可。

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kuing posted 2022-2-3 20:38
回复 4# 走走看看

位似旋转变换

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走走看看 posted 2022-2-4 11:27
Last edited by 走走看看 2022-2-4 22:35回复 7# kuing

$A的轨迹是以(1,1)为圆心半径为1的圆,D的轨迹是半径为\sqrt{2}的圆。旋转了45°,圆心怎么由(1,1)变成(0,2)的呢?请大师们赐教!$

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走走看看 posted 2022-2-5 07:08
想明白了!谢谢Kuing!

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其妙 posted 2022-2-10 14:43
这道题我已找到装逼的方法,很短的放缩就解决它,但是没时间写代码,晚点再玩

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走走看看 posted 2022-2-16 18:19
回复 10# 其妙

等着啊。

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kuing posted 2023-5-28 17:15
其妙 发表于 2022-2-10 14:43
这道题我已找到装逼的方法,很短的放缩就解决它,但是没时间写代码,晚点再玩 ...
晚点再玩然后就没下文了😒

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其妙 posted 2023-6-21 11:22
kuing 发表于 2023-5-28 17:15
晚点再玩然后就没下文了😒
现在居然忘了!😭
妙不可言,不明其妙,不着一字,各释其妙!

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